Idaho Wellness Project

Research & Policy

Academic Research

Peer-reviewed and scholarly work connected to IWP’s wider mission. We prioritize legitimate open-access full text and describe research in ordinary language without overstating what a study proves.

Original investigation · Public health

Extreme Heat and Suicide Watch Incidents Among Incarcerated Men

  • Peer Reviewed ✓
  • Open Access ✓
  • JAMA Network Open
  • 2023
  • Longitudinal case series

Authors: David H. Cloud, Brie Williams, Regine Haardörfer, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein, and Hannah L. F. Cooper

A study of 6,576 facility-days across six Louisiana state prisons found that extreme-heat days were associated with a 30% higher rate of recorded suicide-watch incidents.

Why this mattersHealth is shaped by surroundings. This evidence connects correctional conditions, mental health, and humane policy while preserving the distinction between association and causation.

Topics: Health & Wellness · Mental Health · Corrections

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Brief Communication · Environmental health

Hazardous Heat Exposure Among Incarcerated People in the United States

  • Peer Reviewed ✓
  • Open Access ✓
  • Nature Sustainability
  • 2024
  • Geospatial exposure analysis

Authors: Cascade Tuholske, Victoria D. Lynch, Raenita Spriggs, Yoonjung Ahn, Colin Raymond, Anne E. Nigra, and Robbie M. Parks

A nationwide analysis of 4,078 carceral facilities estimated an average of 41.3 million person-days of potentially hazardous heat exposure annually during 2016–2020.

Why this mattersPeople in custody cannot readily leave unsafe temperatures. The research connects correctional infrastructure, healthcare, climate, and environmental justice.

Topics: Health & Wellness · Corrections · Environmental Health · Public Policy

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Research article · Environmental epidemiology

Heat-Related Mortality in U.S. State and Private Prisons

  • Peer Reviewed ✓
  • Open Access ✓
  • PLOS ONE
  • 2023
  • Case-crossover analysis

Authors: Julianne Skarha, Keith Spangler, David Dosa, Josiah D. Rich, David A. Savitz, and Antonella Zanobetti

A nationwide study linked summer temperatures with 12,836 recorded deaths at 962 state and private prisons between 2001 and 2019.

Why this mattersThe findings connect heat exposure with mortality and suicide, making correctional temperature conditions a matter of health, mental wellbeing, and physical safety.

Topics: Health & Wellness · Environmental Health · Mental Health · Corrections

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Original investigation · Pediatrics

Parents’ Adverse and Positive Childhood Experiences and Offspring Involvement With the Criminal Legal System

  • Peer Reviewed ✓
  • Open Access ✓
  • JAMA Network Open
  • 2023
  • Nationally representative cohort study

Authors: Elizabeth S. Barnert, Lindsay M. Schlichte, Destiny G. Tolliver, et al.

Among 1,854 parent-child dyads, greater parental childhood adversity was associated with higher odds of offspring arrest and conviction before age 26.

Why this mattersThe study supports careful attention to intergenerational adversity, protective experiences, family relationships, and pattern interruption. It does not say adversity determines anyone’s future.

Topics: Trauma · Family · Corrections · Health & Wellness

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Umbrella review · Substance use

An Umbrella Review of the Links Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Substance Misuse

  • Peer Reviewed ✓
  • Open Access ✓
  • Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation
  • 2022
  • Umbrella review

Authors: Lucinda Grummitt, Emma Barrett, Erin Kelly, and Nicola Newton

This review synthesizes review-level evidence on the association between adverse childhood experiences and substance misuse, including psychological, relational, and social pathways that may help explain the connection.

Why this mattersThe paper supports trauma-informed prevention and recovery while preserving a vital distinction: understanding why a coping behavior developed does not excuse harm or make addiction inevitable.

Topics: Trauma · Substance Use · Mental Health · Rehabilitation · Health & Wellness

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